An L- and T-type calcium channel inhibitor (IC50s = 2.3, 0.8, 1.1, and 0.4 µM for Cav1.2, Cav3.1, Cav3.2, and Cav3.3, respectively) and mAChR antagonist (IC50s = 0.054, 0.4, 0.222, and 0.156 µM for M1, M2, M4, and M5 muscarinic receptors, respectively); inhibits the PAF receptor (IC50 = 0.0552 µM); inhibits the inward calcium current in isolated rat colonic smooth muscle cells (EC50 = 885 nM), an effect that can be blocked by an L-type calcium channel inhibitor; inhibits mAChR agonist-induced contractions in isolated circular muscle of the guinea pig proximal colon (IC50 = 3.7 µM); decreases fecal excretion and wet dog shakes and increases the tail withdrawal latency in the tail-flick test in a rat model of morphine- and naloxone-induced opioid withdrawal syndrome at 4 mg/kg