In the kidney, probably plays a major role in potassium homeostasis. Inward rectifier potassium Channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their voltage dependence is regulated by the concentration of extracellular potassium; as external potassium is raised, the voltage range of the Channel opening shifts to more positive voltages. The inward rectification is mainly due to the blockage of outward current by internal magnesium. This Channel is activated by internal ATP and can be blocked by external barium.